Thanks for replying John!
Medicines here to a large extent are subsidised by the federal government through our PBS scheme (Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme). Most Australians don't have any private medical insurance - really only relevant for those who want quick elective surgery (not have to wait on a waiting list) and where you want to have your own hospital room in a private hospital; our health system in that sense is similar to that in the UK (not quite as good as the UK NHS in my estimation - I have lived in both countries).
Anyway, pharmacy medicines requiring a doctor's prescription are paid for over the counter - at traditional, and increasingly now at discount chain pharmacies. Ventolin and Asmol (both brands of the asthma reliever drug salbutamol) cost between AUD 7 - 10 (USD 5 - USD 7). The problem is the growing range of preventers - they typically cost around AUD 40 (USD 31). Relievers are much, much cheaper (typically only AUD 6) if you have a federal government Health Care Card. Health Care Cards are issued by the federal government to people who are unemployed or otherwise qualify for one. Unfortunately, a large percentage of asthmatic Australians don't use a preventer as they don't have access to the Health Care Card and they just can't afford to part with AUD 40 for a preventer - instead they exclusively will only use a reliever!
The thing is, some preventers are considerably more economic than others (relates to number of doses per "puffer" and prescribed "puffs" per day), but with the larger number of products out there now it gets very confusing for many, including doctors! The last doctor (GP) I saw didn't really know! Doctors I have seen at clinics over the years don't really seem to take price/annualised cost for the patient into account (most patients are unwilling to broach the subject of cost with their GP) - probably why preventer usage is so low now in Australia! If more asthmatics used preventers it would certainly cut our asthma hospital admissions!
What I can tell you, is the new combined preventer/reliever medications out there that have recently become available are certainly the least cost-effective asthma medication. I just wish there was an independent comparison chart assessment of these competing medications and their annualised cost. The different drug types and brand names out there now have left many confused - like buying a coffee from Starbucks!!! It gets more confusing when you get onto the internet, as brand names are not the same across the world!